Gender roles and child nutrition in livestock production systems in developing countries: A critical review

Table of Content

Socio-economics and Policy Research Working Paper 27

F.K. Tangka, M.A. Jabbar and B.I. Shapiro

Working Papers Editorial Committee

Mohammad A. Jabbar (Editor)
Simeon K. Ehui
Steven J. Staal

LPAP working papers contain results of research done by ILRI scientists, consultants and collaborators. The author(s) alone is (are) responsible for the contents.

Authors’ affiliations

Ms F.K. Tangka, Food and Resource Economics Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
Dr M.A. Jabbar, International Livestock Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Dr B.I. Shapiro, Natural Resource Management Program, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Bamako, Mali

© 2000 ILRI (International Livestock Research Institute)
All rights reserved. Parts of this document may be reproduced without express permission for non-commercial use but with acknowledgment to ILRI.

ISBN 92–9146–076–1

Correct citation: Tangka F.K., Jabbar M.A. and Shapiro B.I. 2000. Gender roles and child nutrition in livestock production systems in developing countries: A critical review. Socio-economics and Policy Research Working Paper 27. ILRI (International Livestock Research Institute), Nairobi, Kenya. 64 pp.

Table of Contents

Acknowledgements

Executive summary

1 Introduction

1.1 Background
1.2 Objectives
1.3 Hypotheses
1.4 Approach

2 Gender roles in smallholder ruminant livestock production systems

2.1 The importance of livestock in smallholder systems
2.2 Smallholder ruminant livestock production systems

2.2.1 Nomadic pastoral systems
2.2.2 Agropastoral systems
2.2.3 Mixed crop–livestock farming systems
2.3 Gender roles and issues in nomadic pastoral systems
2.3.1 Gender division of labour
2.3.2 Gender and access to resources and benefits
2.4 Gender roles and issues in agropastoral systems
2.4.1 Gender division of labour
2.4.2 Gender and access to resources and benefits
2.5 Gender roles and issues in mixed crop–livestock production systems
2.5.1 Gender division of labour in traditional systems
2.5.2 Gender division of labour in intensified mixed farming systems
2.5.3 Gender and access to resources and benefits
2.6 Factors constraining the effective contribution of women in ruminant livestock production systems
2.6.1 Lack of capital and access to institutional credit
2.6.2 Workload
2.6.3 Lack of technical skills and access to extension services

3 Impact of livestock ownership and livestock technology use on child nutrition

3.1 Introduction

3.1.1 Causes of malnutrition
3.1.2 Measurements and forms of malnutrition
3.2 Livestock ownership, livestock technology use and child nutrition in developing countries
3.2.1 Direct effects of animal origin foods on child nutrition
3.2.2 Indirect effects of animal ownership and technology use on child nutrition
3.3 Nutritional risks from livestock production and consumption

4 Gender in livestock technology research: Case studies

4.1 Case study 1: Alley farming for improving small ruminant productivity in West Africa

4.1.1 The setting and the problem
4.1.2 Potential solution and the research approach
4.1.3 Conclusion
4.2 Case study 2: Dual purpose cows for smallholder farming systems in the highlands of Ethiopia
4.2.1 The setting and the problem
4.2.2 Potential solution and the research approach
4.2.3 Conclusion

5 Summary and conclusion

5.1 Gender roles in smallholder ruminant livestock production systems
5.2 Impact of ruminant livestock and ruminant livestock technologies on child nutrition
5.3 Gender analysis in livestock technology research: A possible framework

5.3.1 The unitary model
5.3.2 The collective models

References